Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 PhD graduate in agricultural economics (corresponding author)
2 PhD in Geology - Faculty member of Tehran University
Abstract
The goal of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s 20-year vision plan is a favorable environment, the achievement of which depends on the reduction of pollution from the exploitation of natural resources, especially the non-renewable energy reserves of oil and gas. In this research, the effects of natural resource extraction and non-renewable energy consumption on environmental quality were evaluated. With a correct understanding of the above impact, one can understand the necessity of developing development plans to realize Iran's environmental strategy based on the restoration, improvement, and development of renewable natural resources, which was addressed in the current research. In this regard, the required data such as carbon dioxide emissions, per capita income, non-renewable energies, rent of natural resources, population density, and life expectancy were extracted from human development indicators in the World Bank. The working method is to benefit from the econometric approach of panel data. The results showed that the exploitation of natural resources at the current rate has a positive and significant effect on the spread of pollution. Also, the consumption of non-renewable energy plays a very high role in increasing the emission of pollution. The results also showed that the increase in population density and, consequently, the economies of scale, could lead to increased efficiency of consumption of contaminating sources and eventually lead to a significant reduction in CO2 per capita. Finally, the results showed that there is a significant N-shaped relationship between GDP per capita and pollution emissions. This research can help to create a correct insight into the current state of resources, facilitate future research and correct planning based on the facts of the environment, and the results can be effective in formulating long-term environmental protection plans.
Keywords
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